Importance of fire behavior
In construction projects, the fire behavior of building materials is a critical factor that influences the safety and integrity of structures. Ensuring that materials can withstand high temperatures and prevent the spread of fire is essential for protecting both the building and its occupants. This is why selecting the right insulation material is crucial.
Why PIR Insulation is a safe choice
Polyisocyanurate (PIR) insulation isn’t perceived as the best in class when we discuss fire performance. The facts and tests proof different. Recticel Insulation performed a lot of tests and objective studies to proof the fire performance of PIR in a construction project. Most important element is to look at the complete buildup and not focus on only the insulation material to make the correct conclusions.
Fire resistance and performance
- Thermoset plastic properties: Unlike some other insulating materials, PIR insulation does not melt or spread fire. Instead, it carbonizes, forming a protective char layer. This is because PIR is a thermoset plastic, which means it chars in fire without melting or producing burning droplets, unlike thermoplastics like EPS and XPS.
- Heat Resistance: PIR insulation can withstand continuous heat up to 100°C and temporary heat up to 250°C before it starts to combust and char. This high heat resistance ensures that the insulation remains effective even in extreme conditions (refer to test?)
Testing and certifications
- FM approval: PIR insulation has received FM Approval for certain flat roof build-ups, indicating its high quality, technical integrity, safety, and performance. This certification is a testament to the material's reliability in fire situations.
- BROOF(t2) certification: PIR insulation meets the BROOF(t2) European certification, which assesses the external fire behavior and self-extinguishing capability of roof structures. This certification ensures that the insulation can effectively prevent the spread of fire on the roof's surface.(link)
Complete buildup considerations
- Holistic fire safety: The fire safety of a construction part insulated with PIR should be analyzed as a whole, not just based on individual material layers. For example, a steel deck in a flat roof can protect the insulation from combusting during the initial critical period of a fire. This holistic approach ensures that the entire buildup contributes to fire safety
- Euroclass ratings: PIR insulation generally receives a Euroclass E rating, but specific products like Eurothane Silver E FR boards can achieve higher ratings (B-s2,d0 or B-s1,d0) when combined with certain steel decks. These higher ratings indicate better fire performance and lower smoke production
PIR insulation is a good choice for construction projects, providing excellent thermal performance and durability while complying with stringent fire safety standards. Its ability to char rather than melt in a fire situation makes it a reliable option for ensuring the safety of buildings.
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